Mushroom Spawn

Using Mushroom Spawn: A Step-by-Step Guide

Mushroom spawn is the starting material for growing mushrooms and can be used on various substrates. Here are the general steps for using mushroom spawn, whether grain spawn or plug spawn:

1. Preparing the Substrate

• Choosing the Substrate: Select the appropriate substrate based on the mushroom species and spawn type. Common substrates include straw, sawdust, logs, coffee grounds, or compost.
• Sterilisation/Pasteurisation: Clean and sterilise or pasteurise the substrate to eliminate unwanted microorganisms. This can be done by heating, steaming, or chemical treatment.

2. Inoculating the Substrate

• Grain Spawn:
  1. Mixing: Evenly mix the grain spawn with the prepared substrate. Ensure the spawn is well distributed to promote uniform colonisation.
  2. Filling: Place the inoculated substrate into sterile bags, containers, or specialised mushroom cultivation bags, leaving some space for air circulation.
  
  

• Plug Spawn:
  1. Drilling Holes: Drill holes in logs or wooden blocks, approximately 2-3 cm deep and spaced 10-15 cm apart.
  2. Inserting Plugs: Insert the mycelium-colonised plugs into the holes and tap them in firmly with a hammer.
  3. Sealing: Seal the holes with wax to protect the mycelium from drying out and contamination.

3. Incubation

• Location and Temperature: Place the inoculated substrate in a warm, dark environment. The ideal temperature for most mushrooms is between 20-25°C.
• Humidity: Keep the substrate moist but not wet. Use a spray bottle to mist the surface regularly.
• Duration: Incubation time varies depending on the mushroom species, usually taking several weeks to months. The mycelium should fully colonise the substrate.

4. Fruiting Conditions

• Light and Humidity: Once the mycelium has fully colonised the substrate, move it to a brighter area with indirect light and high humidity (85-95%) to encourage fruiting.
• Temperature: The optimal fruiting temperature depends on the mushroom species but is typically lower than incubation, around 15-20°C.
• Ventilation: Ensure good airflow to prevent CO2 buildup, which can hinder mushroom growth.

5. Harvesting

• Timing: Harvest mushrooms when they reach their optimal size. The best time to pick them is often just before the caps fully open.
• Care: Gently twist or cut the mushrooms to avoid damaging the mycelium, which could impact future harvests.

6. Aftercare and Additional Flushes

• Further Flushes: Many mushroom species produce multiple harvests (flushes). Keep the substrate moist and maintain the right conditions for continued production.
• Substrate Maintenance: Remove spent or contaminated sections of the substrate to support the health of the remaining mycelium.

By following these steps, you can successfully use mushroom spawn to grow your own mushrooms and achieve a plentiful harvest. Best of luck with your mushroom cultivation!