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Oyster Mushrooms
You may have already tried oyster mushrooms from us or are thinking about trying to cultivate them yourself. Here you will find all the essential information about oyster mushrooms.
General information
Oyster mushrooms (= oyster pleurotus) are the second most consumed mushrooms in the world. They get their name from their oyster-shaped cap and very short stem. The color of the cap typically ranges from gray to brown. However, there are also varieties with very unique colors, such as the pink oyster mushroom (pleurotus salmoneo stramineus) with its red cap or the yellow lemon oyster mushroom (pleurotus citrinopileatus).
Oyster mushrooms are considered one of the easiest mushroom varieties to cultivate. They grow quickly, are highly adaptable, and are relatively tolerant of climatic conditions.
How do oyster mushrooms taste?
The mushrooms have a full and robust flavor, though it is somewhat milder than, for example, shiitake mushrooms. Due to their taste and texture, they are also referred to as “veal mushrooms.”
What types of oyster mushrooms are there?
The most important (and edible) species are the Winter Oyster Mushroom (pleurotus ostreatus), the Summer Oyster Mushroom (pleurotus pulmonarius), the Lemon Oyster Mushroom (pleurotus citrinopileatus), the Pink Oyster Mushroom (pleurotus salmoneo stramineus), and the King Oyster Mushroom (pleurotus eryngii).
Where do oyster mushrooms grow in nature?
Oyster mushrooms grow in nature on sick or dead deciduous trees. Different species can be found worldwide in various climate zones. In Central Europe, you can find the Winter Oyster Mushroom (pleurotus ostreatus) between November and February at temperatures below 11°C. The Summer Oyster Mushroom (pleurotus pulmonarius) can primarily be harvested during the early summer months.
Both species often form large clusters in nature and cultivation, consisting of three to ten mushrooms. You can primarily find these mushrooms on fallen beech or oak trees, especially in shaded areas.
The Pink Oyster Mushroom, Lemon Oyster Mushroom, and King Oyster Mushroom prefer warmer temperatures and are found in subtropical regions, but they may also be found in Southern Europe under certain conditions.
How can you identify oyster mushrooms?
It should be mentioned that before you start collecting oyster mushrooms in the forest, you should have some experience in mushroom foraging and identification. Perhaps you can find someone in your circle of acquaintances who has already spent a lot of time on the subject.
Oyster mushrooms can mainly be identified by their oyster-shaped cap. It is usually 3 – 20 cm in size and should not show any significant irregularities on the surface or in the color.
The flesh of the mushroom should be firm and white. The gills run directly from the cap into the stem (if present). As mentioned, the mushrooms often grow in clusters.
A relatively safe identification feature is the so-called spore print. Place the oyster mushroom cap-side up on a dark surface. After several hours, the spores should naturally fall onto the surface. White or purple-gray spores are an indication that it is an oyster mushroom.
Mit welchen Pilzen können Austernpilze verwechselt werden?
- Essbar: Taubenblauer Seitling, Pleurotus columbinus
- Essbar: Rillstieligen Seitling, Pleurotus cornucopiae
- Essbar: Lungenseitling, Pleurotus pulmonarius
- Ungenießbar: Gelbstieliger Muschelseitling, Panellus serotinus
- Ungenießbar: Beschleierter Pappel-Seitling, Pleurotus calyptratus
- Ungenießbar: Eichenseitling, Pleurotus dryinus
- Ungenießbar: Laubholzknäueling, Panus conchatus
- Tödlich: Ohrförmiger Seitling, Pleurocybella porrigens
Ingredients
The nutritional content of oyster mushrooms is fundamentally similar to that of other mushrooms.
One cup of oyster mushrooms contains about 70 calories, 10 g of carbohydrates, less than 1 g of fat, and approximately 5 g of protein.
Oyster mushrooms contain a large number of vitamins and minerals.
For more detailed information about the nutritional content of mushrooms, you can find it here.
How do you cook with oyster mushrooms?
Oyster mushrooms taste great when sautéed (quickly cooked on high heat) as well as in soups and sauces. They can be served as a main dish or as an accompaniment to other dishes. In general, oyster mushrooms can always be used as a substitute for other mushrooms, such as button mushrooms.
A dish with oyster mushrooms should not be overly salted, as too much salt can overpower the mushroom’s natural flavor.
A short cooking time is recommended since oyster mushrooms are made up of 90% water. Prolonged cooking causes the water to evaporate, making the mushroom smaller and tougher.
The mushrooms are also very suitable for quick dishes with pasta, rice, or stir-fried vegetables.
Oyster mushrooms can also be eaten raw but are generally cooked.
You can find our favorite recipes here.
Health effects
Studies show that Austernpilze can help reduce high cholesterol levels, and there is evidence suggesting they may be effective against certain types of cancer.
The cholesterol-lowering effect can be attributed to the presence of statin in the mushrooms. This substance is typically found in synthetic form in cholesterol-lowering medications.
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Edt 4, 5205 Schleedorf, Austria
